Cannot access any feature codes by using the '*' key

You were both right it was the Digitmap that was the problem. The Cisco phone didn't have the dialplan.xml in the tftpboot directory, and the Polycom's Digitmap settings were:

[2-9]11|0T|011xxx.T|[0-1][2-9]xxxxxxxxx|[2-9]xxxxxxxxx|[2-9]xxxT

so after adding the |*xx it worked perfectly. Sorry for being a noob but thank you both so much for your help I wouldn't have come to that conclusion without your help.